Welcome
You have a Polo 6c otherwise known as a mk5 facelift with the 1.8TSi EA888 Gen3 engine. The engine is almost identical to that found in the likes of the mk7 Golf GTi so a lot of the engine-related tutorials and DIYs online for the 2.0TSi in the mk7 golfs can be used for the 1.8 in the polo.
The oil filter is a cartridge style and is a black cylinder with a 32mm nut molded into the top of it and can be found sitting vertically just above the alternator. The OEM for the filter element is MANN so if you can get a MANN filter for cheaper than VW go for it, however, my local VW dealer has been cheaper than MANN filters online and you need to buy a sump plug from them anyway.
As for oil the engine can use VW502 5w40 or VW504 5w30. If you're going to be changing the oil every 10k then use the 504 5w30 but I personally use a 502 5w40 as I also do my own oil changes every 5K and give it some stick every so often. As these engines run fairly hot with a running oil temp of 105°C I like the peace of mind of the thicker oil not thinning out as much with temperature when pushing on.
The engine also has a plastic sump with a plastic drain plug which has an o ring so ideally you need to change the sump plug every time you drain the oil. The engine oil capacity is 5.7 litres.
As for what oil to use a lot of it is personal preference to be honest. In this engine, I've used 5w30 Castrol Edge LL, Mobil 1 ESP, and Liqui Molu Top Tec 4200, and now 5w40 Motul 8100 X-cess. I found Castrol to be quite rattly on cold start and the Liuqui Moly overpriced. So my recommendation for a 5w30 would be Mobil 1 ESP. I switched to 5w40 Motul 8100 X-cess for the slightly thicker oil at temperature, the high SAPS content and HTHS and it's reasonably priced.
Good DIY video. It's for a Golf but the procedure is identical to the Polo. Just note that the long plastic piece coming from the filter housing seen in the video stays in the engine on the Polo so don't panic.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=S5eUjUaiHjk
Service reminder reset for Polo 6C
https://www.youtube.com/shorts/8n2Tol2W5wQ
Key points:
Oil filter part number: 06L115562B or MANN HU 6013 z
Oil capacity: 5.7L
Drain plug part number: 06103801
Oil you can use: VW502 5W40 or VW504 5W30
Tools needed: 32mm socket(oil filter housing), T25(undertray screws), flathead screwdriver(sump plug and to remove old filter o ring), and if you want to a torque wrench for the filter housing.
Don't wind the filter all the way off immediately, it's mentioned in the video the filter housing has an anti-drain back valve which will release when the filter housing is unscrewed enough. Unscrew slowly until you hear a gurgling noise then let it drain into the sump for 30 seconds. I personally loosen the filter just before I go and remove the sump plug.
When re-filling, put 5.5L in, check the level, and start the engine. Let it idle for a minute then turn it off, sit for 30 seconds to a minute then recheck the level and fill appropriately as the filter housing will need to fill with oil reducing the amount in the sump.
If you want to put a bit of money toward some tools to make the job a bit easier:
BGS 9060(sump plug key)
https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/B01 ... UTF8&psc=1
BGS 8899(funnel)
https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/B01 ... UTF8&psc=1
BGS 8505-13P(funnel adapter)
https://www.amazon.co.uk/gp/product/B07 ... UTF8&psc=1
Hopefully all that is of use to you
Put some good tyres and brakes on it and enjoy it. Just keep an eye and your nose out for oil and coolant leaks.